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Cake day: July 2nd, 2023

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  • These bits of grammar don’t always actually communicate any extra information about anything other than the grammar of the language you’re speaking, though. The “gender” of the thing in question can’t reliably be distinguished from grammar since even in the Indo-European languages where the noun classes are typically thought of as masculine or feminine, the word’s grammatical gender can contradict its actual gender. The Old English word for “woman”, back when English had grammatical gender, was masculine.


  • While I don’t actually know a goddamn thing about the history of this, that doesn’t seem to work too well once you look at more languages. While a male/female or male/female/neuter system is common in Indo-European languages, other language groups use versions that have more distinctions and haven’t traditionally been associated with gender. Most languages in the Atlantic-Congo group that a lot of the southern half of Africa speaks have between ten and twenty different categories of noun in that sense. That’s why they’re more formally called “noun classes” rather than “grammatical genders”



  • Alright my plans for the evening got cancelled so I decided to have a go at working this out. Methodology, a term I am using somewhat loosely, was to go down wikipedia’s list of largest empires, ignore each one that was already completely covered (the four big caliphates and several Chinese dynasties in particular), then take their peak territory from Geacron. Geacron isn’t an ideal source here, not least because the only way to “export” from it without paying money is print screen, but it’s good enough for these purposes. I also didn’t bother filling in the entire map because a couple of places were basically just going to come down to whichever country had them today due to how difficult to conquer they have historically been. Priority in overlaps is given to the larger empire. The result is this: https://i.imgur.com/kLNjpSm.png

    On here we have:

    • Britain in 1920 (including dominions)
    • Mongolia in 1259
    • The USSR in 1945
    • Russia in 1895… basically only because of Finland and Latvia
    • Qing dynasty in 1790
    • Spain in 1810
    • France in 1920
    • The Abbasid caliphate in 750
    • The USA in 2022. We could have used 1946 to get part of Germany, but we needed Germany in here anyway since the British and Soviet areas aren’t included due to different territorial peaks.
    • Brazil in 1889
    • Japan in 1942
    • Rome in 117
    • Portugal in 1894 (mainland Portugal is already covered by Rome, though)
    • Italy in 1941 (mainland Italy is, of course, also Rome)
    • Belgium in 1939 (Rome has the core again)
    • Netherlands in 1938
    • Denmark in 1917
    • Germany in 1941

    This list leaves Western Sahara, Liberia, Sweden, Slovakia, Nepal, Bhutan, Papua New Guinea, and Antarctica for a total of 25 countries (or maybe 27 if you add Norway and Chile for maximum Antarctic coverage. I suppose you could also argue that the Treaty of Torsedillas granted half of Antarctica each to Spain and Portugal, not that either ever actually controlled it). Possibly also some islands, especially in the Pacific, but the map isn’t in a high enough resolution to tell. The most contested areas are the Levant and Central Asia. Some big empires that aren’t on the list include every Persian empire, the Ottomans, and Alexander’s empire.




  • I kinda want to see what the fewest countries you could cover the whole world with is if you took everything at its historical peak territory. So like post-WW1 British empire, Mongol empire just before Chinggis died, Umayyad caliphate when it stretched from Iran to Spain, Roman Empire under Trajan etc etc. How many do we need to fill in the whole map? And what’s the smallest country that we need in order to do so?



  • Skua@kbin.socialtoJokes and Humor@beehaw.orgFeral
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    8 months ago

    I assume this is a reference to the various ethnic groups in the Congo Basin who are notably shorter on average than most humans, such as the Batwa and Bambuti. The different groups are often collectively referred to as “Pygmy peoples”, but I don’t feel super great about the way that sounds



  • It’s isinglass rather that sulphites that makes a lot of beer and wine non-vegan. It’s a type of collagen made from certain fish (not usually crustaceans, so far as I know) that makes the yeast suspended in the liquid sink and coalesce into a sediment that can be removed. If you try homebrewing you’ll find that your own produce is hazy unless you use isinglass, although it doesn’t significantly change the taste




  • Volume is not mass, and neither of them is weight. A gram is strictly speaking a measure of mass, and we just consider it to be a unit of weight in casual terms because the only frame of reference the vast majority of us have has reasonably constant gravity so we conflate mass and weight. That you can sort of use grams to measure volume is literally only because the density of common stuff (especially water) is close enough for most purposes. It’s kinda like measuring a distance in units of time so long as the method of travel is known. I can say “an hour’s walk” and I’m not really measuring distance there but you know roughly how far I mean